DNA vaccines

DNA vaccines offer several advantages such as: simplicity for manufacturing, biological stability, cost effectiveness and safety, as well as ease of transport in powders for reconstitution in vials. They can also be utilised for simultaneous immunizations against multiple pathogens and are relatively inexpensive to manufacture and store.

Administration of DNA vaccines has been shown to stimulate good immune responses and provide protection for different animals, for example for poultry through avian influenza and Newcastle disease vaccines, or for foot and mouth disease in cattle. DNA vaccine technologies have also been extended to pet care to prevent parvovirus and rabies in dogs.